Transtornos mentais comuns em profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde em um período de pandemia da covid-19: estudo transversal na macrorregião Norte de saúde de Minas Gerais, 2021 / Transtornos mentales comunes en profesionales de atención primaria de salud durante el período de pandemia de covid-19: un estudio transversal de la macrorregión norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2021 / Common mental disorders in Primary Health Care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic period: a cross-sectional study in the Northern health macro-region of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, 2021

Objective: to analyze the prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders (CMDs) in Primary Health Care professionals between August-October/2021. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study conducted with health professionals in the Northern health macro-region of Minas Gerais state; snowball sampling was used; the dependent variable, CMDs, was evaluated using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20); Poisson regression was used to perform the statistical analysis. Results: a total of 702 health professionals took part in the study; the prevalence of CDMs was 43.2%. It was higher in those with previous [prevalence ratios (PR) = 2.42; 95%CI 1.43;4.08] and current (PR = 1.54; 95%CI 1.25;1.89) symptoms of mental disorders, overwork during the pandemic (PR = 1.42; 95%CI 1.16;1.73), previous symptoms of anxiety (PR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.01;1.61), depression (PR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.06;1.52) and other mental disorders (PR = 1.20; 95%CI 1.01;1.43). Conclusion: there was an association between CDMs and presenting previous and current symptoms of mental disorders and work overload during the covid-19 pandemic.

Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia de síntomas de trastornos mentales comunes (TMC) en profesionales sanitarios de la Atención Primaria de Salud de agosto a octubre de 2021. Métodos: estudio transversal realizado con profesionales de la salud de la macrorregión norte de Minas Gerais. El muestreo fue del tipo bola de nieve. La variable dependiente, TMC, se evaluó mediante el Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). En el análisis estadístico se utilizó la regresión de Poisson. Resultados: participaron 702 profesionales de salud. La prevalencia de TMC fue del 43,2%, mayor en quienes presentaban síntomas de trastornos mentales previos (RP = 2,42; IC95% 1,43;4,08) y actuales (RP = 1,54; IC95% 1,25;1,89); exceso de trabajo durante la pandemia (RP = 1,42; IC95% 1,16;1,73); síntomas previos de ansiedad (RP = 1,27; IC95% 1,01;1,61), depresión (RP = 1,27; IC95% 1,06;1,52) y otros trastornos mentales (RP = 1,20; IC95% 1,01;1,43). Conclusión: hubo una asociación entre los TMC y los síntomas previos y actuales de los trastornos mentales y la sobrecarga de trabajo durante la pandemia de COVID-19.

Objetivo: analisar a prevalência de sintomas de transtornos mentais comuns (TMCs) em profissionais de saúde da Atenção Primária à Saúde, no período agosto-outubro/2021. Métodos: estudo transversal com profissionais de saúde da macrorregião Norte de saúde de Minas Gerais; amostragem de tipo "bola de neve"; a variável dependente, TMCs, foi avaliada pelo Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20); utilizou-se regressão de Poisson na análise estatística. Resultados: participaram 702 profissionais de saúde; a prevalência de TMCs foi de 43,2%, maior naqueles que apresentaram sintomas de transtornos mentais prévios [razão de prevalências (RP) = 2,42 ;IC95% 1,43;4,08] e atuais (RP = 1,54; IC95% 1,25;1,89), trabalho a mais durante a pandemia (RP = 1,42; IC95% 1,16;1,73), sintomas prévios de ansiedade (RP = 1,27; IC95% 1,01;1,61), depressão (RP = 1,27; IC95% 1,06;1,52) e outros transtornos mentais (RP = 1,20; IC95% 1,01;1,43). Conclusão: observou-se associação de TMCs com sintomas prévios e atuais de transtornos mentais e sobrecarga de trabalho, durante a pandemia da covid-19.

Dental anomalies in syndromes displaying hypertrichosis in the clinical spectrum

Abstract Hypertrichosis and dental anomalies may occur alone or in combination in the spectrum of many syndromes. To identify genetic entities characterized by hypertrichosis and dental anomalies, a search was performed in the Mendelian Inheritance in Man database with the terms "hypertrichosis" or "hirsutism" and "tooth" or "dental abnormalities." Nondependent androgen metabolism disturbances were classified as hypertrichosis. Genetic entities with hypertrichosis and dental anomalies were included in the study. Additional searches were performed in the PubMed and Orphanet databases, when necessary, in order to include data from scientific articles. An integrative analysis of the genes associated with the identified syndromes was conducted using STRING to characterize biological processes, pathways, and interactive networks. The p-values were subjected to the false discovery rate for the correction of multiple tests. Thirty-nine syndromes were identified, and dental agenesis was the most frequent dental anomaly present in 41.02% (n = 16) of the syndromes. Causative genes were identified in 33 out of 39 genetic syndromes. Among them, 39 genes were identified, and 38 were analyzed by STRING, which showed 148 biological processes and three pathways that were statistically significant. The most significant biological processes were the disassembly of the nucleosome (GO:0006337, p = 1.09e-06), chromosomal organization (GO:0051276, p = 1.09e-06) and remodeling of the chromatin (GO: 0006338, p = 7.86e-06), and the pathways were hepatocellular carcinoma (hsa05225, p = 5.77e-05), thermogenesis (hsa04714, p = 0.00019), and cell cycle (hsa04110, p = 0.0433). Our results showed that the identification of hypertrichosis and dental anomalies may raise the suspicion of one of the thirty-nine syndromes with both phenotypes.

Comprometimento cognitivo e fatores associados em uma população de idosos / Cognitive impairment and associated factors in a population of aged people

Resumo Introdução: O envelhecimento populacional está entre as transformações globais mais importantes. Na população idosa, há prevalência aumentada de condições crônicas que comprometem a autonomia relacionadas ao comprometimento cognitivo. Objetivo: Este estudo buscou estimar a prevalência de comprometimento cognitivo e os fatores associados em uma população de idosos. Método: Trata-se de pesquisa transversal analítica envolvendo idosos com 60 anos ou mais, cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para caracterização dos fatores sociodemográficos, hábitos de vida e condições de saúde, utilizou-se o instrumento Brazilian Older Americans Researches and Service Multidimensional Function Assessment Questionnaire; para avaliação cognitiva, o Mini Exame do Estado Mental, e os resultados, ajustados por escolaridade na análise de regressão logística binária, com apresentação de odds ratio (OR) e intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95%. Resultados: Dos 1.746 idosos avaliados, 11,5% apresentaram comprometimento cognitivo. Os fatores de risco associados foram idosos acima de 80 anos (OR=4,463; IC95% 3,160-6,304); analfabetos (OR=3,996; IC95% 2,716-5,791); sem companheiro (OR=1,989; IC95% 1,388-2,850); sedentários (OR=1,777; IC95% 1,208-2,613) e com histórico de Acidente Vascular Cerebral (OR=3,635; IC95% 2,213-5,971). Conclusões: Comprometimento cognitivo foi associado a variáveis passíveis de ações preventivas, como o acesso à escolarização e hábitos de vida saudáveis.

Abstract Background: Population aging is among the most important global transformations. In the elderly population, there is an increased prevalence of chronic conditions that compromise autonomy, related to cognitive impairment. Objective: This study sought to estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and associated factors in an elderly population. Method: This is a cross-sectional and analytical survey involving elderly people aged 60 years old or older, registered with the Family Health Strategy of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. To characterize sociodemographic factors, life habits and health conditions, the Brazilian Older Americans Researches and Service Multidimensional Function Assessment Questionnaire was used; for cognitive evaluation, the Mini Mental State Examination, and the results adjusted for education in the binary logistic regression analysis, with the presentation of odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Of the 1,746 aged individuals evaluated, 11.5% presented cognitive impairment. The associated risk factors were elderly over 80 years old (OR=4.463; 95%CI 3.160-6.304); illiterate (OR=3.996; 95%CI 2.716-5.791); without companion (OR=1.989; 95%CI 1.388-2.850); sedentary (OR=1.777; 95%CI 1.208-2.613), and with a history of stroke (OR=3.635; 95%CI 2.213-5.971). Conclusions: Cognitive commitment was associated with variables susceptible to preventive actions, such as access to schooling and healthy living habits.

Specialized Dental Care in the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS)

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze specialized dental care through access, demand and the work processes provided by the CEO's, using secondary data from the cycles of the PMAQ-CEO. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study using public domain data. Variables of interest were selected from the external evaluation instrument data matrices and were grouped in categories. The categories were geographic distribution, structural, human resources, work processes and access and coordination. Results: The total of 932 CEO's were evaluated in 2014 and 1,042 in 2016, most of them type II, present in the Northeast region. In both cycles, the highest average of dentists worked in the endodontic specialty (2.4 professionals per CEO) and the lowest in oral medicine (0.8 professionals per CEO). Of the two cycles, 91.5% of the CEO's had a manager, 79.5% performed action planning activities and 74.5% realized internal self-assessment processes. There was an increase in the mean number of days to be seen at the CEO in all analyzed specialties (p<0.001) and 85.2% of the CEO's managers reported that there is a reference for oral cancer confirmed cases. Conclusion: Between the PMAQCEO cycles the number of CEO has increased, but there are still a big pent-up demand and the presence of care gaps. However, an expansion and improvement of the CEO's actions was evidenced, mainly related to the work processes.

Surgical rehabilitation of cleft lip and/or palate: evaluation of the Brazilian public health system

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the surgical rehabilitation of cleft lip and/or palate by the Brazilian public health system. Methods: Retrospective, analytical and comparative ecological study, with information on hospital procedures performed on individuals with cleft lip and/or palate in Centers authorized by the Brazilian public health system, between the years 2008 and 2020. The information was collected in databases Ministry of Health data. Results: Between 2008 and 2020, there was an increase of 8 (36.4%) qualified Centers in Brazil, currently having 30 Centers in 100% of the geographic regions. The surgical procedures performed totaled 68,716; with multiple surgeries being the most frequent. Complete cleft lip and palate was the most frequent type in hospital admissions. The public financial resources invested in the surgical rehabilitation of cleft lip and palate in the qualified Lip and Palate Malformation Treatment Centers were US$ 39,693 million, making an average value per procedure of US$ 577.64. Conclusions: In Brazil, public health system performed and financed, over the years 2008 and 2020, an important volume of surgical procedures for cleft lip and/or palate, which presented a polarization in the Southeast region but with a slight tendency expansion to other regions of the country. The most performed surgical procedures were multiple surgeries and mostly for individuals with cleft lip and palate. The amounts paid showed a heretogeneous distribution in the national territory. Level of evidence: Level 5: Report containing program evaluation data.

Prevalência de transtornos mentais em profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia da COVID-19: revisão sistemática / Prevalence of mental disorders in healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review

RESUMO Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura avaliando a prevalência de transtornos mentais em profissionais da saúde durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de revisão sistemática conduzida com base no checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). As bases de dados usadas foram a Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) e os serviços da United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) via PubMed, com as estratégias de busca: "COVID-19" AND "Saúde mental"; "COVID-19" AND "Saúde mental" AND "pessoal de saúde", em português e inglês, selecionando artigos observacionais e/ou de prevalência publicados a partir de 2020. Resultados: A busca resultou na identificação de 18.643 artigos, e a amostra final foi composta por 9 artigos. Os sintomas mais frequentes foram os de depressão, ansiedade e insônia em profissionais que atuaram no período da pandemia da COVID-19, predominantemente do sexo feminino e idade média de 34,5 anos. A média da prevalência de ansiedade, depressão e insônia foi, respectivamente, de 40,3%, 39,9% e 36,1%, aferidas em 8.866 profissionais da saúde. Os profissionais atuantes na linha de frente no combate à COVID-19 apresentaram maiores prevalências de transtornos mentais comuns em relação a outros profissionais de saúde. Conclusões: Mostraram-se associadas a maiores prevalências de sintomas de TMC: sexo feminino, atuação na linha de frente, maior jornada de trabalho, histórico de uso de medicamentos psicotrópicos, condições inadequadas de trabalho, uso de álcool e tabaco e atuação na área de enfermagem. Observa-se a importância de estratégias de atenção à saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the literature evaluating the prevalence of mental disorders in health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a systematic review conducted based on the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. The databases used were the Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) and the services of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) via PubMed, with the search strategies: "COVID-19" AND "Mental health"; "COVID-19" AND "Mental health" AND "health personnel", in Portuguese and English, selecting observational and/or prevalence articles published from 2020 onwards. Results: The search resulted in the identification of 18,643 articles, and the final sample consisted of 9 articles. The most frequently evaluated symptoms were symptoms of depression, anxiety and insomnia in professionals who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic period, predominantly female and mean age of 34.5 years. The average prevalence of anxiety, depression and insomnia was respectively 40.3%, 39.9% and 36.1%, measured in 8,866 health professionals. Health professionals working on the front line in the fight against Covid-19 had higher prevalence of common mental disorders in relation to other health professionals. Conclusions: The following were associated with a higher prevalence of CMD symptoms: female sex, frontline work, longer working hours, history of psychotropic medication use, inadequate working conditions, use of alcohol and tobacco, and work in the nursing field. The importance of mental health care strategies for health professionals is observed.

Public oral health services: impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the oral health services offered by the Unified Health System in the northern macro-region of Minas Gerais, Brazil, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study. Data collection took place between August and September 2020 through the completion of online questionnaires by oral health managers in the northern municipalities of Minas Gerais and by consultation of information available in the Special Epidemiological Bulletin Coronavirus North Macro-region n° 14. After collection, data were transferred to SPSS® (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows, version 24.0). Analyses were performed using frequency, mean, standard deviation and percentages. It was found that all included municipalities suspended elective treatments and maintained emergency dental care at all levels of care. In 62.5% of municipalities there were oral health professionals contaminated by COVID-19. Oral health teams implemented specific interventions to address the pandemic,with the most frequent being tele-orientation (74.7%), use of sanitary barriers (72%), and telemonitoring (68%). At the beginning of the pandemic, 62.5% of municipalities lacked personal protective equipment. Comsidering these results, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the supply of dental services in northern Minas Gerais due to the suspension of elective care, contamination of professionals, lack of personal protective equipment, and development of new interventions. Thus, oral health teams had to adapt to new contexts of health interventionsto face COVID-19 and maintain dental care services.

Profile and scientific output of researchers recipients of CNPq productivity grant in the field of medicine

SUMMARY BACKGROUND. This study aimed to evaluate the scientific production of researchers in the field of Medicine who receive a productivity grant from the CNPq. METHODS: The curriculum Lattes of 542 researchers with active grants from 2012 to 2014 were included in the analysis. Grants categories/levels were stratified into three groups according to the CNPq database (1A-B, 1C-D, and 2). RESULTS. There was a predominance of grants in category 2. During their academic career, Medicine researchers published 76512 articles, with a median of 119 articles per researcher (IQ, interquartile range, 77 to 174). Among the 76512 articles, 36584 (47.8%) were indexed in the Web of Science (WoS database). Researchers in Medicine were cited 643159 times in the WoS database, with a median of 754 citations (IQ, 356 to 1447). There were significant differences among the categories of grants concerning the number of citations in WoS (P <0.001). There was a significant difference in the number of times researchers were cited according to the specialty included in Medicine area. (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION. Strategies to improve the scientific output qualitatively possibly can be enhanced by the knowledge of the profile of researchers in the field of Medicine.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a produção científica de pesquisadores da área de Medicina que recebem bolsa de produtividade do CNPq. MÉTODOS: Os currículos Lattes de 542 pesquisadores com bolsas ativas de 2012 a 2014 foram incluídos na análise. As categorias/níveis das bolsas de produtividade foram estratificadas em três grupos de acordo com a classificação do CNPq (1A-B, 1C-D e 2). RESULTADOS: Houve predomínio de bolsas na categoria 2. Durante a carreira acadêmica, pesquisadores da Medicina publicaram 76.512 artigos, com mediana de 119 artigos por pesquisador (Intervalo Interquartil, IQ, 77 a 174). Entre os 76.512 artigos, 36.584 (47,8%) foram indexados no banco de dados da Web of Science (WoS). Pesquisadores em Medicina receberam 643.159 citações no banco de dados de WoS, com uma mediana de 754 citações (IQ, 356 a 1.447). Houve diferenças significativas entre as categorias de bolsas em relação ao número de citações em WoS (P < 0,001). Houve uma diferença significativa no número de citações recebidas pelos pesquisadores de acordo com a especialidade incluída na área de Medicina (P < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Estratégias para melhorar qualitativamente a produção científica possivelmente podem ser aprimoradas pelo conhecimento do perfil dos pesquisadores no campo da Medicina.

Oral Health of Hospitalized Brazilian Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective:To evaluate the oral health conditions of hospitalized children, as well as describe the knowledge and practices of oral health care adopted by their parents/guardians. Material and Methods:The sample was composed of 46 children who had been hospitalized for at least five days, who had erupted teeth in the oral cavity and were accompanied by their parents/guardians. Information was collected in relation to: theoral health status of children (DMFT/DEF), the socioeconomic profile and access to information on health and oral hygiene of the parents/guardians anddata regarding the hospitalization of the children. The data were analyzed using the Fisher, Pearson's and Mann Whitney's Chi-squared tests, with a confidence level of 95%.Results:47.8% of the hospitalized children had experienced caries, and the most relevant component for the determination of the experience of caries was the presence of decayed teeth (0.50 to 1.94). A total of 97.8% of parents/guardians said they had not received information on oral health and hygiene, 100.0% had not received guidance on the sugar contained in medicines or the salivary decrease caused by the medications. 34.8% of the children did not perform oral hygiene during hospitalization. According to medical records, 58.7% took liquid medication orally. Conclusion:The hospitalized children had precarious oral health conditions, with the occurrence of carious lesions of the teeth. The presence of risk factors for dental caries in hospitalized children was observed (poor oral hygiene, low schooling and income of parents/guardians, limited knowledge of parents/guardians regarding health care and oral hygiene, consumption of medicines with cariogenic potential) (AU).

Percepções de estudantes de enfermagem acerca das dimensões estruturais da simulação clínica / Perceptions of nursing students on the structural dimensions of clinical simulation

OBJETIVOS: Identificar a percepção de estudantes de enfermagem sobre as dimensões estruturais do design de cenários de simulação de alta fidelidade na imunização de adultos no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, exploratório, quantitativo desenvolvido em uma universidade pública federal brasileira no período de maio a junho de 2017. A amostra final foi de 17 estudantes. A Escala de Design da Simulação do tipo Likert de cinco itens foi utilizada para avaliar a estruturação do cenário de simulado. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos estudantes são adultos jovens e do sexo feminino (82,4%). Na análise de consistência interna, a Escala de Design de Simulação apresentou um alpha de Cronbach total de 0,930. Em todas as dimensões da escala, obteve-se médias globais iguais ou superiores a 4,60. As dimensões que apresentaram maior concordância e importância entre os estudantes foram, respectivamente, a resolução de problemas e o realismo. CONCLUSÕES: Na percepção dos estudantes, os cenários simulados foram claros e objetivos em relação à proposta e à execução. Além disso, estes sentiram-se apoiados durante o processo de aprendizagem, o que permitiu explorar e resolver os problemas apresentados durante a simulação. O feedback fornecido foi relevante e oportunizou a reflexão dos estudantes quanto às suas práticas e posturas. Por fim, o realismo foi destacado como um aspecto importante pelos pesquisados.

AIMS: To identify the perception of nursing students about the structural dimensions of the design of high-fidelity simulation scenarios in adult immunization scenarios in the context of primary health care. METHODS: Descriptive, exploratory, quantitative study developed at a Brazilian federal public university from May to June 2017. The final sample consisted of 17 students. The 5-item Likert simulation design Scale was used to evaluate the design of simulation scenarios. RESULTS: The majority of students are young and female adults (82.4%). In the internal consistency analysis, the simulation design scale presented a total Cronbach's alpha of 0.930. In all dimensions of the scale, overall averages were equal to or greater than 4.60. The dimensions that showed the greatest agreement and importance among students were, respectively, problem solving and realism. CONCLUSIONS: In the students' perception, the simulated scenarios were clear and objective in relation to the proposal and the execution. In addition, they felt supported during the learning process, which allowed to explore and solve the problems presented during the simulation. The feedback provided was relevant and provided opportunities for students to reflect on their practices and attitudes. Finally, realism was highlighted as an important aspect by those surveyed.

Incidence of bifid uvula and its relationship to submucous cleft palate and a family history of oral cleft in the Brazilian population / Incidence of bifid uvula and its relationship to submucous cleft palate and a family history of oral cleft in the Brazilian population

Abstract Introduction: Bifid uvula is a frequently observed anomaly in the general population and can be regarded as a marker for submucous cleft palate. Objective: In this study aimed to determine the frequency of bifid uvula and submucous cleft palate and their relationship with oral clefts in a Brazilian population. Methods: We conducted a transversal, descriptive and quantitative study of 1206 children between August 2014 and December 2015. A clinical examination of the children was conducted by means of inspection of the oral cavity with the aid of a tongue depressor and directed light. After the clinical examination in children, parents answered a questionnaire with questions about basic demographic information and their family history of oral clefts in their first-degree relatives. After application of the questionnaires, the information collected was archived in a database and analyzed by the statistical program SPSS® version 19.0, by applying Chi-Square tests. Values with p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 1206 children included in this study, 608 (50.40%) were female and 598 (49.60%) were male (p = 0.773). The average age of children was 3.75 years (standard deviation ± 3.78 years). Of the 1206 children studied, 6 (0.5%) presented with bifid uvula. Submucosal cleft palate was not found in any child. When the family histories of children were examined for the presence of nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or cleft palate, no first degree relatives presented with the congenital anomaly. Conclusion: This study revealed that the incidence of bifid uvula and submucous cleft palate in this population was quite similar to previously reported incidence rates. Our study suggests an intensification of new reviews, with broader and diverse populations, seeking to associate the occurrence of bifid uvula, submucous cleft palate and oral clefts.

Resumo: Introdução: A úvula bífida é uma anomalia frequentemente observada na população em geral e pode ser considerada como um marcador de fissura palatina submucosa. Objetivo: Determinar a frequência de úvula bífida e fissura palatina submucosa e sua relação com fissura orais em uma população brasileira. Método: Realizamos um estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo de 1.206 crianças entre agosto de 2014 e dezembro de 2015. O exame clínico das crianças foi realizado por meio da inspeção da cavidade oral com auxílio de um abaixador de língua e luz direcionada. Após o exame clínico nas crianças, os pais responderam a um questionário com perguntas sobre informações demográficas básicas e antecedentes de fendas orais em familiares de primeiro grau. As informações coletadas foram arquivadas em um banco de dados e analisadas pelo programa estatístico SPSS® versão 19.0, aplicando testes de Qui-Quadrado. Os valores com p < 0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significativos. Resultados: Das 1.206 crianças incluídas neste estudo, 608 (50,40%) eram do gênero feminino e 598 (49,60%) do masculino (p = 0,773). A idade média das crianças foi de 3,75 anos (desvio-padrão ± 3,78 anos). Das 1.206 crianças estudadas, seis (0,5%) apresentavam úvula bífida. A fissura palatina submucosa não foi encontrada em nenhuma criança. Quando as histórias familiares de crianças foram examinadas quanto à presença de fissura de lábio e/ou palato não sindrômica, nenhum parente de primeiro grau apresentava esta anomalia congênita. Conclusão: Este estudo revelou que a incidência de úvula bífida e fissura palatina submucosa nesta população é bastante semelhante às taxas de incidência previamente relatadas. Nosso estudo sugere uma intensificação de novas revisões, com populações mais amplas e diversas, buscando associar a ocorrência de úvula bífida, fissura palatina submucosa e fissura orais.

Impacto das lesões cariosas cavitadas e das consequências da cárie dentária não tratada na qualidade de vida de crianças de 08 a 10 anos de idade / Impact of cavitated carious lesions and the consequences of untreated dental caries on the quality of life of children aged 8 to 10 years

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da cárie dentária (lesões cariosas cavitadas/CPOD/ceo-d e lesões não-tratadas/PUFA) na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (QVRSB) de crianças de 8 a 10 anos.Métodos: A QVRSB foi medida pela versão brasileira do Child Perceptions Questionnaire-CPQ8-10 de 30 crianças das Clínicas de Infantil da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Os dados clínicos (CPOD/ceod e PUFA) e as entrevistas foram coletados por 5 examinadores calibrados. O Programa Estatístico das Ciências Sociais, versão 20.0 foi usado para a análise descritiva e bivariada.Resultados: Setenta por cento das crianças apresentaram experiência de cárie. Onze crianças apresentaram as consequências da doença não tratada. Na análise bivariada, a variável lesões cariosas cavitadas mostrou uma associação estatisticamente significante ao impacto negativo na QVRSB destas crianças.Conclusão: Lesões cariosas cavitadas foram associadas à um alto impacto negativo na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal em crianças de 8 a 10 anos de idade. Políticas públicas de saúde para crianças em fase de dentadura mista devem ser encorajadas.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of dental caries (cavitated caries lesions/DMFT/dmft and consequences of untreated lesions / PUFA) on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of 8 to 10-year-old children.Methods: OHRQoL was measured by the Brazilian version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire-CPQ8-10of 30 children from the Children's Clinics of the State University of Montes Claros. Clinical data and interviews were collected by 5 calibrated examiners. The Statistical Program of Social Sciences, version 20.0, was used for descriptive and bivariate analysis. Results: Seventy percent of the children presented caries experience. Only 11 children presented the consequences of the untreated disease. In the bivariate analysis, the variable cavitated carious lesions showed a statistically significant association with the negative impact on the OHRQoL of these children. Conclusion: Cavitated caries lesions were statistically associated with a high negative impact on oral health related quality of life of 8 to 10-year-old children. Public health policies for children in mixed dentition phases should be encouraged.

Avaliação da Produção Científica em Áreas da Medicina: um Estudo Comparativo / Evaluation on the Scientific Production in Fields of Medicine: a Comparative Study

RESUMO Objetivo Produção de conhecimento, geração de tecnologia e formação de recursos humanos para pesquisa são temas que têm se destacado nos ambientes acadêmico e governamental. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a produtividade científica, formação de recursos humanos e o perfil de pesquisadores contemplados com bolsas de produtividade em pesquisa pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Técnico e Científico (CNPq), provenientes de cinco áreas de conhecimento médicas. Métodos Este é um estudo descritivo e comparativo entre pesquisadores, com bolsas das áreas de Cardiologia, Hematologia/Oncologia, Nefrologia/ Urologia, Neurociência Clínica e Pediatria, obtido por meio de estudos prévios. As variáveis analisadas foram: gênero, instituição de origem do pesquisador, tempo de doutoramento, instituição de doutoramento, orientações de iniciação científica, mestrado e doutorado, e publicações em periódicos. Os pesquisadores contemplados com bolsas de produtividade científica (PQ) foram também divididos nas categorias do CNPq em: 2, 1A, 1B, 1C e 1D. Resultados Do total de 411 pesquisadores em Medicina, 192 (46,7%) foram identificados como pertencentes a áreas dos cinco estudos envolvidos, com predominância do sexo masculino (71,3%), concentrando-se nas categorias 2 e 1A. As regiões Sudeste e Sul, juntas, concentram a maioria dos pesquisadores (mais de 90,0%), sendo São Paulo responsável por 63% dos pesquisadores, sediando também as duas principais instituições - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp) e Universidade de São Paulo (USP) -, que continham 49,5% dos bolsistas. Houve prevalência na formação de mestres (1.846 orientações), seguida de 1.674 alunos de iniciação científica e de 1.115 alunos de doutorado. Foram publicados 18.456 artigos em periódicos, sendo 56,0% deles indexados na base ISI e 78,0% na base Scopus. Conclusões Em todas as áreas médicas analisadas há uma crescente produtividade científica, com destaque para a Neurociência Clínica, e expressiva formação de recursos humanos, com uma preocupação constante em melhorar o desempenho qualitativo. Entretanto, há uma disparidade regional quanto à concentração de pesquisadores, bem como não se verifica produção de patentes.

ABSTRACT Objective Knowledge production, technology generation and human resource training for research are themes which have been under the limelight in the academic and governmental environment. The aim of this study was to compare the scientific productivity, human resource training and the profile of researchers awarded scientific productivity grants by the CNPq (Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development), from medical knowledge areas. Methods This is a descriptive and comparative study among researchers with scholarships in the fields of Cardiology, Hematology/Oncology, Nephrology/Urology, Pediatrics and Clinical Neuroscience, obtained through previous studies. The variables analyzed were: gender, researcher home institution, PhD time, doctoral institution, undergraduate research guidelines, master's and doctorate degrees, and publications in journals. The researchers granted with the PQ (scientific productivity) grants were also divided into the present CNPq categories of: 2, 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D. Results from a total of 411 researchers in Medicine, 192 (46.7%) were identified as belonging to areas of the five studies involved, predominantly male (71.3%), concentrated in categories 2 and 1A. The southeastern and southern Brazilian regions together comprise the majority of the researchers (over 90.0%) and São Paulo accounted for 63.0% of the researchers, also hosting the two main institutions - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp) and Universidade de São Paulo (USP) - containing 49.5% of the stock. There was a prevalence students undergoing of teacher training (1,846 master's degree supervisions), followed by 1,674 undergraduate and 1,115 doctoral students. Of the 18,456 articles that were published in journals, 56.0% of them indexed in the ISI database and 78% in Scopus. Conclusions In this study, it was noted that all the analysed fields showed growing scientific productivity, above all Clinical Neuroscience, and expressive human resource training, with a constant for improving quality performance. However, regional disparity was found as regards the concentration of researchers, as well as a lack of patent production.

Parental age is related to the occurrence of cleft lip and palate in Brazilian populations

Aim: To evaluate the association of environmental risk factors, particularly paternal and maternal age, with gender and type of oral cleft in newborn with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). Methods: This study included 1,346 children with NSCL/P of two Brazilian Services for treatment of craniofacial deformities. Parental ages were classified into the following groups: maternal age <35, 36-39, and ≥40 years; paternal age <39 and ≥40 years. The data was analyzed with chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression analysis. The odds ratios were estimated with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Of the 1,346 children included in this study, CLP was the type of NSCL/P with highest prevalence, followed by, respectively, CL and CP. There was a greater occurrence of NSCL/P in males compared to females (55.8% versus 44.2%). CLP was more common in men, while the CL and CP were more prevalent in women (p=0.000). No association between maternal age and clefts was observed (p=0.747). However, there was evidence of association between father's aged ≥40 years old and NSCL/P (p=0.031). When patients with CP were analyzed separately, no association between the father's age and the child's gender (p=0.728) was observed, i.e. the female gender prevails among patients with CP, regardless of the father's age. Conclusions: This study showed that there were differences in the distribution of the non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate and the gender, and fathers aged ≥40 years old may have increased risk of oral cleft. Further studies involving different populations are needed for a better understanding of the effect of maternal and paternal ages as a risk factor for the occurrence of oral clefts (Au)

Avaliação da produção científica, patentes e formação de recursos humanos da Enfermagem Brasileira / Evaluación de la producción científica, patentes y la formación de los recursos humanos de la Enfermería Brasileña / Evaluation of scientific production, patents and human resources training in the Brazilian nursing

RESUMOObjetivo:avaliar produção científica, patentes e formação de recursos humanos de pesquisadores da enfermagem com bolsas de produtividade em pesquisa (PQ) no CNPq na série histórica 2000-2012; verificar a associação entre esta produção e características dos pesquisadores quanto a sexo, formação e origem.Método:estudo transversal analítico cujo critério de inclusão foi ser pesquisador PQ/CNPq da enfermagem no período em questão. Foram analisados curriculum lattes de 208 pesquisadores com bolsas entre 2000-2012. Para as análises estatísticas utilizou-se o programa SPSS®.Resultados:o estudo aponta predominância do sexo feminino, concentração na região Sudeste e existência de associação entre produção científica, patentes e formação de recursos humanos e a formação, sexo e origem do pesquisador.Conclusão:o estudo revela uma expressiva participação dos pesquisadores PQ/CNPq da enfermagem na produção científica e na formação de recursos humanos e tímida participação na produção de patentes.

RESUMENObjetivo:evaluar la producción científica, patentes y formación de recursos humanos de enfermería investigadores con becas de productividad en investigación (PQ) en el CNPq en la serie temporal 2000-2012 y la existencia de una asociación entre estos tipos de producción y las características de los investigadores sexo, educación y origen.Método:estudio transversal cuyo criterio de inclusión fue ser un PQ investigador/enfermería CNPq en el período en cuestión. Lattes plan de estudios se analizaron de 208 investigadores con becas de 2000-2012. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el programa SPSS®.Resultados:el estudio muestra predominio del sexo femenino, la concentración en la región Sureste y existe una asociación entre científicos de producción, las patentes y la formación de los recursos humanos y la formación, el sexo y el origen del investigador.Conclusión:El estudio revela una importante participación de investigadores PQ/enfermería CNPq en producción científica y capacitación de recursos humanos y una participación modesta en la producción de patentes.

ABSTRACTObjective:to evaluate scientifi c production, patents and human resources training of nursing researchers with scholarships of research productivity (PQ) in National Counsel for Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) in the 2000-2012 historic series; to verify the association between this production and characteristics of the researchers regarding gender, education and origin.Methods:this analytic cross-sectional study whose inclusion criterion was to be a nursing PQ/CNPq researcher during the period in question. We analyzed curriculum lattes of 208 researchers with scholarships between 2000 and 2012. For statistical analyses we used the SPSS® software.Results:the study points to female predominance, concentration in the Southeast region and existence of an association between scientific production, patents and human resources training and education, gender and origin of the researcher.Conclusion:the study presents a significant participation of nursing PQ/CNPq researchers in scientific production and in human resources training, and a modest involvement in the production of patents.

Análise do conhecimento dos pais/responsáveis pelas crianças atendidas na clínica infantil da Unimontes sobre traumatismos dentários / Knowledge of dental trauma of parents / caregivers of children treated at Unimontes pediatric clinic

Objetivo: Verificar se os pais / responsáveis pelas crianças, com histórico ou nÆo de trauma dentário, atendidas na Clínica Infantil da Unimontes, tinham conhecimento sobre traumas dentoalveolares e acesso a informaçães pertinentes aos procedimentos em atendimentos emergenciais que envolvem estes tipos de lesães. Método: Participaram 73 responsáveis pelas crianças. A coleta foi realizada por meio de um questionário, abordando a história de trauma das crianças e o conhecimento e atitudes dos responsáveis em atendimentos emergenciais que envolvem traumas dentários. Os dados foram analisados utilizando os Testes Qui-quadrado (χ2) e Mann Whitney, com nível de confiança de 95%. Resultados: Segundo o relato dos pais/responsáveis, 25,0% das crianças apresentaram história de trauma dental, em 83,3% destes casos, o trauma foi em decorrência de queda, e 72,2% ocorreram na própria casa da criança. Os dentes decíduos anteriores foram os mais envolvidos (94,4%), a fratura de esmalte dentário a mais prevalente (38,9%), seguida de escurecimento dental (33,3%). Independentemente das crianças terem ou nÆo uma experiência prévia com trauma dentário, a minoria (8,3%) e nenhum (0,0%) dos pais/responsáveis tinham conhecimentos adequados de como agir em situaçães de fratura dentária e avulsÆo dentária, respectivamente. NÆo houve associaçÆo significativa entre o conhecimento dos responsáveis e conduta frente à fratura e avulsÆo dentária, quando se considerou o nível socioeconômico e escolaridade dos pais / responsáveis (p>0,05%). A maioria dos pesquisados declarou que nÆo tinha recebido orientaçães sobre condutas tomadas em casos de traumatismo dentário (83,3%) e gostaria de receber mais informaçães sobre o assunto (91,7%). ConclusÆo: Observou-se a carência de informaçães e conhecimento dos pais/responsáveis quanto ao atendimento de urgência em casos de traumas dentários independente das suas crianças terem ou nÆo uma experiência prévia com trauma dentário...

Objective: To verify whether the parents/caregivers of children with and without dental trauma history treated at the UNIMONTES Pediatric Clinic had knowledge of dentoalveolar traumas and access to information pertinent to the emergency procedures care involving these types of lesions. Method: Seventy-three parents/caregivers took part in the study. Data collection was performed by using a questionnaire arguing on the children?s history of trauma, and also the knowledge and attitudes of the parents/caregivers about the emergency procedures involving dental trauma. Data were analyzed using the chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests, with a 95% confidence level. Results: According to the parents/caregivers, 25.0% of the children had history of trauma and 83.3% of these cases were due to falls and 72.2% occurred at home. The primary anterior teeth were the most affected (94.4%), enamel fracture was the most prevalent type of fracture (38.9%), followed by tooth darkening (33.3%). Regardless of the children having or not history of dental trauma, the parents/caregivers had little or no adequate knowledge on how to act in situations involving dental fracture (8.3%) and dental avulsion (0.0%). There was no significant association between the parents/caregivers? knowledge and their attitude when dealing with dental fracture and avulsion, when the parents/caretakers? socioeconomic level and instruction was considered (p>0.05). Most participants affirmed that they had not been instructed on how to behave in case of the dental trauma (83.3%) and would like to have more information on this subject (91.7%). Conclusion: Parents / caregivers did not have information and knowledge of emergency care on dental trauma cases, regardless whether their children had history of dental trauma or not...

Estigma e Mal de Hansen: avaliação de 237 pacientes asilados e hospitalizados na Casa de Saúde São Francisco de Assis, da Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais, Bambuí, Brasil, de 1943 até 1998 / Stigma and Hansen’s Disease: evaluation of 237 inmates and hospitalized patients in the Casa de Saúde São Francisco de Assis, of the Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais, Bambuí, Brasil, from 1943 to 1998

Discute-se, neste trabalho, a questão do isolamento a que foram submetidos 237 pacientes hansenianos, entre 1943 até 1998, na Casa de Saúde São Francisco de Assis, em Bambuí, Minas Gerais. Observou-se estigma em relação a estar ou ter estado doente de mal de Hansen, em 38,4% dos pacientes. O desejo de reintegração social inexistia em 51,5% dos casos.O isolamento mostrou-se inoperante em relação à cura e incapaz de reduzir o avanço da endemia, além de criar um novo problema social, constituído pela dificuldade da reinserção social e familiar dos hansenianos. A hanseníase é uma doença capaz de destruir as relações pessoais e a estrutura familiar. As políticas públicas não foram eficientes em minimizar o sofrimento, apenas distanciou dos olhos das pessoas hígidas o problema da hanseníase.

In this paper it is discussed the segregation issue of 237 Hansen's disease patients, from 1943 to 1998, in the Casa de Saúde São Francisco de Assis, in Bambuí, Minas Gerais. The stigma attached to...

Resistência adesiva de três sistemas adesivos aplicados à dentina de dentes decíduos / Tensile bond strength of three adhesive systems applied to the dentine of deciduous teeth

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar, in vitro, a resistência adesiva, por teste de tração, de três sistemas adesivos aplicados à dentina de dentes decíduos, sendo um de frasco único, com condicionamento ácido prévio e primer associado ao adesivo (Single Bond – 3M ESPE); um com self-etching primer (Clearfil SE Bond – Kuraray); e um self-etching adhesive ou all-in-one (One-Up Bond F – Tokuyama). Utilizaram-se 30 dentes decíduos (n = 10). As médias e os desvios-padrão, em MPa, do teste de resistência adesiva foram: (G.1) Single Bond: 11,4 (3,55); (G.2) Clearfil SE Bond: 14,1 (6,33); e (G.3) One-Up Bond F: 9,22 (3,46). Após a Análise de Variância, não se encontrou diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos avaliados quanto à resistência adesiva (p > 0,05). Os sistemas adesivos tiveram comportamentos semelhantes em relação à adesão à dentina de dentes decíduos.

Action of an extract of Stryphnodendron obovatum benth seed on rat bone marrow and on human lymphocytes

O Brasil é um país rico em plantas medicinais e o Stryphnodendron obovatum Benth (Barbatimäo), é uma importante fonte de tanino usado em indústrias. Esta planta tem diferentes atividades biológicas causando inibiçäo do desenvolvimento embrionário em ratos, toxicidade ao gado que a ingere e é usada também, na cura de diversas doenças do homen. Devido a sua ampla distribuiçäo e uso estudamos o efeito do extrato de sementes de Barbatimäo em células de medula óssea de ratos Wistar (in vivo) e em linfócitos de sangue periférico humano (in vitro), avaliando o seu efeito ao nível mutagênico e na induçäo de metáfases-colchicínicas. Os tratamentos näo causaram um aumento estatisticamente significativo no número de alteraçöes cromossômicas e de SCEs nos dois sistemas-testes avaliados. Nos testes em ratos houve pequena induçäo de metáfases-colchícinicas e nas culturas de linfócitos esta induçäo foi dependente do tempo e da forma do tratamento. Nas culturas de linfócitos ocorreu um efeito citotóxico dependente do aumento da concentraçäo e do tempo de exposiçäo ao extrato. Algumas metáfases tratadas apresentaram cromossomos bandados